论培养体育兴趣、形成锻炼习惯是学生终身体育教育的关键     

王永红  董永康 《鸡西大学学报》2003,3(1):15-16,18

培养学生从事体育活动的兴趣、养成体育锻炼的习惯，是体育教育成功的一个主要标志。忽视学生对体育的兴趣、爱好和习惯培养就不能莫定学生终身体育教育的基础。  相似文献   

ApoE基因多态性和运动与血脂异常的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张慧敏 《德州学院学报》2008,24(2):64-68

载脂蛋白E有ApoE2、ApoE3和ApoE4三种主要的异构体,有ε2、ε3和ε4三种常见的等位基因,其基因编码可形成ApoE2/2、ApoE3/3、ApoE4／4三种纯合子表型和ApoE3／2、ApoE4/3、ApoE2／4三种杂合子表型．不同种族间ApoE等位基因的频率和基因型频率都不同．载脂蛋白E基因多态性是个体间血脂水平差异的常见遗传因素,与个体间血脂代谢和血脂异常的发生存在有一定的关联．此外,载脂蛋白E基因多态性可调节运动对血脂的影响作用,但其机制还有待于进一步的研究．  相似文献   

Students’ achievement goals,emotion perception ability and affect and performance in the classroom: a multilevel examination     

Aikaterini Vassiou  Athanasios Mouratidis  Eleni Andreou  Konstantinos Kafetsios 《教育心理学》2016,36(5):879-897

Performance at school is affected not only by students’ achievement goals but also by emotional exchanges among classmates and their teacher. In this study, we investigated relationships between students’ achievement goals and emotion perception ability and class affect and performance. Participants were 949 Greek adolescent students in 49 classes and their Greek language and mathematics teachers. Results from multilevel analyses indicated that students’ mastery-approach and performance-approach goals were positively related to positive affect whereas performance-avoidance goals were negatively related to positive affect. At class-level, relationships between achievement goals and affect were moderated by students’ emotion perception ability. These findings highlight the importance of emotion abilities and their role in motivational processes for class-level outcomes.  相似文献   

How to cope with stress in special needs education? Stress-inducing dysfunctional cognitions of teacher students: the perspective of professionalisation     

Ewald Kiel  Ulrich Heimlich  Reinhard Markowetz  Annika Braun 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2016,31(2):202-219

The goal of the present study is to identify prospective special education teachers (SETs) who may have difficulties in coping with occupational stresses and burdens. International comparative studies show that SETs have a higher level of stress than their colleagues who work in the general school system. Compared with teachers in regular schools, SETs leave their profession at a higher rate. For this reason, the study focuses on so-called dysfunctional cognitions, which might increase stress in strenuous occupational situations and which have long-term harmful effects on health. The construct of dysfunctional cognitions is supposed to be a basis for developing supportive measures for teacher students with low stress tolerance. In the framework of the present study located in the German educational system, teacher students (N = 333) from the special needs areas, including learning disability, mental disability, emotional/social disorders and sensory disabilities (hearing impairment, or speech or language disorders), are taken into account. A hierarchical cluster analysis and a discriminant analysis were used to identify four different clusters: Cluster 1 shows the lowest attitude level of equally all dysfunctional cognitions. Clusters 2 and 3 are characterised by higher degrees, especially of ‘dependency’, ‘internalisation of failure’ and ‘personal standards (perfectionism)’. The fourth profile indicates the highest degree of the dysfunctional cognitions. Lower levels of dysfunctional cognitions (with the exception of perfectionism) occur together with a higher expectation of self-efficacy. No cluster applies for all teacher students of one specific special needs area. Prospective teachers in the area of mental disability are overrepresented in cluster 3, with a high level of internalisation of failure and dependency. Teacher students in the area of emotional/social disorders belong, to a considerable degree, to the ‘risk’ cluster. The profiles are used to develop measures for those teacher students who may experience difficulties in stressful occupational situations. Therefore, these student teachers need to be closely supported through additional intensive training elements and balanced career counselling.  相似文献   

How do different types of schools prepare students for life at Cambridge?     

Clara Perez-Adamson 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2016,46(1):19-35

Twenty students from different educational backgrounds within the UK were interviewed to investigate how well they considered their secondary school education had prepared them for the educational and social demands of an ‘elite’ university and life within its most traditional colleges. The study asked them how they perceived students from different educational backgrounds and how they thought they were perceived. Entering a traditional Cambridge college was found to be easiest for students from prestigious ‘public schools’ within the private educational sector. State school students were more likely to experience anxiety, and those who adapted successfully were likely to have strong independent learning skills and a robust sense of self-efficacy. The study suggests that students coming from state schools to Cambridge are making a more difficult academic and social transition than students from private schools, for which they are given no special support.  相似文献   

The impact of a professional development model on middle school science teachers' efficacy and implementation of inquiry     

Christine Lotter  Whitney Smiley  Stephen Thompson  Tammiee Dickenson 《International Journal of Science Education》2016,38(18):2712-2741

This study investigated a professional development model designed to improve teachers' inquiry teaching efficacy as well as the quality of their inquiry instruction through engaging teachers in practice-teaching and reflection sessions. The programme began with a two-week summer Institute focused on both inquiry pedagogy and science content and continued with academic year support for participants' inquiry implementation. An inquiry teaching efficacy instrument was administered 3 times to 25 teacher participants to gauge changes in their personal self-efficacy and outcome expectancy across 5 essential features of classroom inquiry. To examine actual practices, pre/post classroom observations of the teachers' inquiry enactments were evaluated using a quality of inquiry observation protocol. Following the summer Institute, teachers had statistically significant increases in their self-efficacy for teaching inquiry in four of the five essential features and increases in one of the five essential features for outcome expectancy. Teachers' quality of inquiry teaching also increased after the professional development programme. We discuss implications of this PD model for moving teachers towards implementation of new instructional techniques as well as the influence of a supportive school community on teachers’ efficacy with inquiry instruction.  相似文献   

一类积微分方程自由边界问题解的误差估计     

王志焕 《莆田学院学报》2007,14(2):20-23,28

讨论带跳扩散模型下美式期权价格及最佳实施边界当执行日期趋于无穷大时的误差估计。在相应的基本假设下,美式期权的定价模型是一个抛物积微分方程自由边界问题,而永久美式期权的定价模型是一个积微分方程自由边界问题。利用抛物型偏微分方程的极值原理,得到了带跳扩散模型下美式期权价格及最佳实施边界的误差估计。  相似文献   

Teaching in inclusive classrooms: efficacy and beliefs of Canadian preservice teachers     

Jacqueline Specht  Donna McGhie-Richmond  Tim Loreman  Pat Mirenda  Sheila Bennett  Tiffany Gallagher 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2016,20(1):1-15

This study provides a Canada-wide snapshot of the self-efficacy and beliefs of 1490 preservice teachers in relation to inclusive teaching using the Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practice and the Beliefs about Learning and Teaching Questionnaire. At the time of data collection, these preservice teachers were in the final stages of their teacher education programmes. Based on the results of surveys in 11 Faculties of Education, men have higher self-efficacy than women for managing behaviour in the classroom, elementary preservice teachers have higher self-efficacy in collaboration than those teaching in secondary schools, those enrolled in the 1-year post-degree programme show lower self-efficacy than those enrolled in programmes of other durations, and those who have experience with people with special education needs show higher self-efficacy than those who do not. Differences illustrated that women were more inclusive than men, 1-year post-degree preservice teachers were less inclusive than others, and those who have experience with people with special education needs are more inclusive than those who do not. Recommendations for teacher education and limitations surrounding the practical significance of the findings are discussed.  相似文献   

不同体育锻炼方式对老年人短期心理效益影响的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐海波 《丽水学院学报》2005,27(2):112-118

为了探究不同体育锻炼方式对我国老年人心理效益与生理效益的影响,对68名60～70岁参加不同体育锻炼方式的老年人进行了实验研究。通过12周锻炼前后的心理指标测试,结果表明:太极拳组、体育舞蹈组其一次课锻炼前后的短期心理效益(心境、状态焦虑)有显著性变化;书画组其一次课练习前后的短期心理效益(心境、状态焦虑)无显著性变化;非锻炼组在持续12周的监测中,其短期心理效益变化的个体差异较大,且往不良的趋势发展。  相似文献   

Investigating the interrelationships among conceptions of,approaches to,and self-efficacy in learning science     

Lanqin Zheng  Yan Dong  Ronghuai Huang  Chun-Yen Chang 《International Journal of Science Education》2018,40(2):139-158

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between primary school students’ conceptions of, approaches to, and self-efficacy in learning science in Mainland China. A total of 1049 primary school students from Mainland China participated in this study. Three instruments were adapted to measure students’ conceptions of learning science, approaches to learning science, and self-efficacy. The exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were adopted to validate three instruments. The path analysis was employed to understand the relationships between conceptions of learning science, approaches to learning science, and self-efficacy. The findings indicated that students’ lower level conceptions of learning science positively influenced their surface approaches in learning science. Higher level conceptions of learning science had a positive influence on deep approaches and a negative influence on surface approaches to learning science. Furthermore, self-efficacy was also a hierarchical construct and can be divided into the lower level and higher level. Only students’ deep approaches to learning science had a positive influence on their lower and higher level of self-efficacy in learning science. The results were discussed in the context of the implications for teachers and future studies.  相似文献